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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>Bird
conservationists,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'>This is from
Ellie Cohen from Pt. Reyes, to the Bird Conservation Alliance, of which BCN is
a member. It’s pretty depressing but important to know.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Donnie Dann<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Highland Park/Lake County<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><a href="mailto:donniebird@yahoo.com">donniebird@yahoo.com</a><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><strong><b><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></strong></p>
<h1><b><font size=5 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:16.0pt'><a
href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/10/101011161639.htm">Birds
Could Signal Mass Extinction</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal id=first><span class=date><font size=3 color="#666666"
face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>ScienceDaily (Oct. 12, 2010)</span></font></span><font
size=3><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> — The first detailed measurements
of current extinction rates for a specific region have shown that birds are the
best group to use to track the losses. The study also reveals Britain may be
losing species over ten times faster than records suggest, and the speed of
loss is probably increasing: the losses from England alone may exceed one
species every two weeks. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The
study, by Oxford University researchers, shows that many types of obscure
organism in Britain are going extinct at the same rate as the birds -- evidence
supporting fears of a global mass extinction. A report of the research is
published in an upcoming issue of the journal <em><i><font face=Calibri><span
style='font-family:Calibri'>Biological Conservation</span></font></i></em> as
countries prepare to meet in Japan 18-29 October to discuss biodiversity
conservation targets.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>'Biodiversity
loss is arguably much more serious and more permanent than climate change,'
said Clive Hambler of Oxford University's Department of Zoology, lead author of
the research. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>'But
it's impossible to know if policy targets to reduce the loss are being met
without accurate measures of extinction rates. Until now, we had only crude
estimates for a very few types of organism. Now we've got evidence that many
groups of living things -- lichens, bugs, moths, fish, plants and so on -- are
going extinct at a very similar rate to the birds.'<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Using
Britain's uniquely detailed natural history records, the researchers found that
1-5% of the region's species in many groups were lost since 1800, with higher
losses in the Twentieth Century compared to the Nineteenth. Using further data
from the USA and across the whole globe, the researchers show that the patterns
of extinction in Britain are likely to be typical of those found on land and
freshwater elsewhere.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Mr
Hambler said: 'The birds are beautiful creatures, but they are also diverse,
and many of them are specialised to particular habitats. This makes them
sensitive to changes in their environment -- such as loss of mature trees, or
the drying out of swampy ground, or coastal development. And what makes them
really special for monitoring extinction is that they are also exceptionally
easy to study, anywhere in the world -- so we can detect declines in their
populations long before we notice losses of the more obscure things like slime
moulds or mosses. It's no coincidence they can signal environmental change.'<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>'The
underlying reason for the similarity of extinction rates in birds and the other
living things is that habitat loss affects them in the same way. Our work
supports the use of birds to indicate extinction rates in Britain, the USA and
globally, and they should now be tried in places such as tropical forests where
the bulk of other species will never be recorded.'<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>'The
recorded extinctions in any region are just the tip of the iceberg, because
there are not enough observers,' said Mr Hambler. For example, in March this
year the British government's advisory body, Natural England, reported about
500 species lost from England since 1800. 'The losses reported by Natural
England are under 0.5% per century, from England's 55,000 species,' notes Mr
Hambler. 'Our research suggests that the actual losses could be over ten times
this number, with about one species going extinct in England every fortnight.'<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Natural
England also reported species losses in England had apparently declined in
recent decades, but the Oxford study suggests that this is not the case.
Hambler and colleagues found there are about 1000 endangered species on the
brink of extinction in Britain -- indeed many of these may already be extinct.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>'People
tend to be hesitant in declaring extinction, which leads to problems assessing
the current rate,' said Mr Hambler. 'Many ancient and important habitats in
Britain are threatened today because of human activity and population growth --
whether it's an increase in water use, growing use of wood fuel, or the growth
of urban sprawl. Despite conservationists' efforts it's very likely extinction
rates will continue to rise in Britain and globally for many years. These
losses will impact on human welfare, and I'd say conservation needs a profile
and resources even bigger than climate change.'<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Alongside
studies of birds, the researchers believe that recording rates of habitat loss
will provide a good, simple measure of some elements of biodiversity loss.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Mr
Hambler said: 'This work strengthens the claim that the world is suffering a
mass extinction. We can now be much more confident that across the planet the
less conspicuous and less well-known species are going extinct at a similar
high rate to that already witnessed in birds, fish and amphibians.'<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p><strong><b><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Journal
Reference</span></font></b></strong>:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:13.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<font
size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]>Clive Hambler, Peter A. Henderson,
Martin R. Speight. <strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:Calibri'>Extinction
rates, extinction-prone habitats, and indicator groups in Britain and at larger
scales</span></font></b></strong>. <em><i><font face=Calibri><span
style='font-family:Calibri'>Biological Conservation</span></font></i></em>,
2010; DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.09.004"
target="_blank">10.1016/j.biocon.2010.09.004</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Best-<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Ellie<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Gill Sans MT"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Gill Sans MT"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Gill Sans MT"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Gill Sans MT"'>------------<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Gill Sans MT"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Gill Sans MT"'>Ellie Cohen, <i><span style='font-style:
italic'>President and CEO<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Gill Sans MT"><span style='font-size:
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